美国学前教育立法的发展、经验与启示

The Development,Experience and Inspiration of American Legislation of Preschool Education

回眸百年,美国学前教育立法的发展历程大致可分为福利阶段、扶弱阶段与普惠阶段。随着美国政府对学前教育一系列变革措施的颁布,追求普惠与高效成为未来美国学前教育立法发展的主要趋势。美国学前教育立法的科学、规范发展有赖于立法决策研究、立法内容研究与立法评估研究等学术研究经验的不断丰富。美国立法的发展与研究经验给我国带来如下启示:加强学前教育立法研究,完善学前教育法律体系;构建学前立法研究机制,积极推动学前教育立法学术研究;开展学前政策评估项目,为学前立法研究提供科学基础。

Looking back at the past 100 years,the development process of American legislation of preschool education can be roughly divided into three stages: welfare stage,supporting-weak stage and universal-benefit stage. With the promulgation of a series of reform measures on preschool education by the U.S. government,pursuing the universal-benefit and efficient of preschool education has become the main trend of the development of legislation in the future. The scientific and normative development of the legislation of preschool education in the U.S. depends on the continuous development of academic research experience such as legislative decision-making research,legislative content research and legislative evaluation research. The development and research experience of American legislation has brought the following enlightenment to China: to strengthen the research on the legislation of preschool education and improve the legal system of preschool education;to construct the research mechanism of preschool education and actively promote the academic research on the legislation of preschool education;and to carry out the evaluation project of preschool policy so as to provide a scientific basis for the research on the legislation of preschool education.