基于太阳能利用潜力的济南市高校公寓设计

Design of universities apartments in Jinan based on solar energy utilization potential

基于太阳能利用潜力的高校公寓设计研究是实现绿色校园建设的重要基础,可为校园建筑设计和空间布局提供重要的决策依据。文章以济南市高校学生公寓为调研样本,以学生公寓立面及屋顶的太阳辐射量接收值为评价对象,利用数值仿真软件和控制变量法对影响学生公寓外表面太阳能辐射接收量的相关设计参数逐项进行分析和论证。结果表明:在公寓单体设计中,建筑面宽与光热利用率呈负相关,与光伏利用率呈正相关,而建筑进深与光热利用率、光伏利用率均呈正相关;在公寓建筑的行列式布局设计中,公寓外表面光热利用率与其东西向间距为同向递增关系;在公寓设计中,应尽量增加建筑进深以增大建筑外表面光热可利用面积;当以太阳能利用最大化为设计目标时,建筑东西向间隔以12 m为宜,并以>18 m为最佳。

The research and design of universites apartments based on the potential of solar energy utilization is an important foundation for the realization of green campus construction,which can provide important decision-making basis for the spatial layout and architectural form of campus buildings.Taking Jinan s college student apartment as the research object and using the solar energy potential of the exterior surface of apartment buildings as an evaluation index,the paper uses numerical simulation software and control variable method to analyze and demonstrate the influence of each design parameter on the solar energy utilization potential of the outer surface of the student apartment.The results show that in building monolithic design,building surface width is negatively related to light and heat availability,and it is positively related to the photovoltaic availability.Building depth is positively correlated with solar thermal availability and photovoltaic utilization rate.In the layout design of the apartment building,there is a co-increasing relationship between the light and heat utilization rateof the building exterior surface and its east-west spacing.In the apartment design,the building depth should be increased as much as possible,which can increase the available area of building surface.When the design goal is to maximize the utilization of solar energy,the horizontal spacing of the building should be 12 m and greater than 18 m.