急性肾衰竭患者的临床护理新进展

New progress in clinical nursing of patients with acute renal failure

急性肾衰竭是指肾小球滤过率突然或持续下降,引起氮质废物体内储留,水、电解质和酸碱平衡紊乱,从而导致各系统并发症的临床综合征。急性肾衰竭主要临床症状是酸碱平衡失调、急性尿毒症等,如果患者不及时接受治疗会严重威胁生命健康。急性肾衰竭患者在接受治疗的过程中,临床护理必不可少。该疾病相关护理措施包括指导患者饮食,维持水、电解质平衡,血液透析的护理,心理由护理等。近年来,对于急性肾衰的护理相关研究较多,对患者的康复及预后起到了促进作用。因此本文综述了急性肾衰竭的临床护理方法,以期为该疾病临床治疗提供参考依据。

Acute renal failure refers to the clinical syndromes caused by abrupt or continuous decrease of glomerular filtration rate,resulting in nitrogen waste storage in vivo,disturbance of water,electrolyte and acid-base balance,which leads to complications of various systems. The main clinical symptoms of acute renal failure are acid-base imbalance,acute uremia,etc. If patients do not receive timely treatment,it will seriously threaten life and health. Clinical nursing is indispensable for patients with acute renal failure in the course of treatment. Relevant nursing measures for the disease include guiding patients’ diet,maintaining the balance of water and electrolyte,nursing of hemodialysis and psychological nursing,and so on. In recent years,there have been many studies on the nursing of acute renal failure,which has promoted the rehabilitation and prognosis of patients. Therefore,this article summarizes the clinical nursing methods of acute renal failure,in order to provide reference basis for the clinical treatment of the disease.