金属矿山矿工安全风险认知影响因素分析

Analysis of Factors Influencing Miners'Safety Risk Perception in Metal Mines

风险认知对风险行为有重要影响作用,研究风险认知的影响因素是提升风险认知水平、预测风险行为的首要步骤。为研究金属矿山矿工安全风险认知的影响因素,首先通过文献分析法梳理安全风险认知的相关影响因素,然后基于金属矿山矿工的特点分析影响矿工安全风险认知的重要因素,构建理论模型。其次,以理论模型为基础,采用专家咨询法开发金属矿山矿工安全风险认知影响因素的测量问卷,并开展现场问卷调查,共回收有效问卷295份。最后运用SPSS软件对调研数据进行项目分析、探索性因素分析和信效度检验,获得矿工安全风险认知的主要影响因素,并根据影响因素提出改进建议。结果表明:包含5个维度23个题项的测量问卷信效度较好,满足心理学的测量要求;金属矿山矿工安全风险认知的主要影响因素为安全氛围、风险态度、风险沟通、知识结构和组织信任感5个方面。研究结果对于有针对性地提高矿工的安全风险认知水平以及后续进一步预测矿工风险行为具有重要意义。

Risk perception has an important influence on risk behavior.Studying the influencing factors of risk perception is the first step to improve risk cognition level and predict risk behavior.In order to study the factors affecting the safety risk perception of metal mine miners,this paper analyzes the relevant influencing factors of safety risk cognition through literature analysis,and then analyzes the important factors affecting miners'safety risk perception based on the characteristics of metal mine miners,and constructs a theoretical model.Secondly,based on the theoretical model,the expert consultation method is used to develop a measurement questionnaire for the factors affecting the safety risk of metal mine miners,and an on-site questionnaire survey is conducted to collect 295 valid questionnaires.Finally,the SPSS software is used to analyze the survey data,exploratory factor analysis and reliability and validity test,the main influencing factors of miners'safety risk perception,and suggestions for improvement based on influencing factors.The results show that the questionnaire with 23 items with 5 dimensions has good reliability and meets the measurement requirements of psychology.The main influencing factors of metal mine miners'safety risk perception are safety atmosphere,risk attitude,risk communication,knowledge structure and organizational trust in five aspects.The research results are of great significance for the targeted improvement of the miners'safety risk perception level and the subsequent prediction of miners'risk behavior.