益智新品种“琼中1号”的选育研究

Breeding of New Alpinia oxyphylla Variety“Qiongzhong No.1”

目的:选育综合性状优良的益智新品种。方法:采用系统选育法,对其生物学性状、物候期、农艺性状、产量和药材品质等方面进行综合评价,通过品比试验、区域试验和生产试验,选育出优良品种进行申报审定。结果:益智新品种“琼中1号”果穗长,平均干果产量为295.34 g/丛,比同龄的对照品种增产53%;干果挥发油含量为1.17%,高于对照品种和中国药典标准。结论:该品种具有长势旺盛、分蘖能力强、座果率高、果穗长、果形一致、果实饱满、产量高等优良特性,可间种于橡胶、槟榔、松树等经济林或次生林下,最适宜种植区为海南琼中、白沙、五指山、儋州、陵水、保亭、屯昌、万宁等县市,也适宜在很多较温暖湿润气候区生长。

Objective:To breed new Alpinia oxyphylla variety with best comprehensive properties.Methods:Using system breeding method,the biological characteristics,phenological period,agronomic trait,yields,quality were evaluated comprehensively.The superior strain was selected for approval through variety comparative test,regional test and production test.Results:The new variety“Qiongzhong No.1”had a long ear and the average dry fruit yield was 295.34 grams per plant.It was about 53%higher than the control variety of the same age.The content of volatile oil in dried fruits was 1.17%,which was higher than the control variety and Chinese pharmacopoeia standard.Conclusion:The variety has the excellent characteristics of vigorous growth,strong tillering ability,high fruit setting rate,long ear,consistent fruit shape,full fruit and high yield.It can interplant in economic forest or secondary forest such as the rubber trees,areca,pine trees,and so on.The most suitable planting areas of this variety are Qiongzhong,Baisha,Wuzhishan,Danzhou,Lingshui,Baoting,Tunchang,Wanning,and so on in Hainan.It is also suitable for growing in many warmer and humid climatic regions.