虫害诱导的小麦挥发物促进异色瓢虫对麦蚜的控制作用

Herbivore-induced wheat volatiles facilitate biocontrol of the cereal aphid by the multicolored Asian ladybeetle

【目的】充分利用虫害诱导的植物挥发物对天敌的引诱作用,增强天敌对麦蚜田间控制作用,是有效开展害虫生态调控的基础。【方法】比较分析小麦受蚜虫取食对小麦挥发物的影响;检测异色瓢虫对未受损小麦、麦蚜危害小麦和顺-3-己烯乙酸酯的嗅觉反应;评估顺-3-己烯乙酸酯应用于田间后对异色瓢虫和麦蚜的影响。【结果】麦蚜取食提高了小麦挥发物顺-3-己烯乙酸酯的释放速率和相对含量;受麦蚜取食的小麦和单顺-3-己烯乙酸酯均对异色瓢虫有显著的引诱作用;顺-3-己烯乙酸酯投放到田间显著提高了异色瓢虫密度,降低了麦蚜密度。【结论】虫害诱导的植物挥发物(顺-3-己烯乙酸酯)能吸引天敌(异色瓢虫),可用于田间增强天敌对害虫的控制作用。

[Objectives]To determine if herbivore-induced plant volatiles can enhance the biocontrol of the cereal aphid(Sitobion avenae)in wheat fields by attracting their natural enemy,the multicolored Asian ladybeetle(Harmonia axyridis).[Methods]The olfactory responses of adult Asian ladybeetles to undamaged wheat seedlings,wheat seedlings that had been fed on by cereal aphids and to synthetic(cis)-3-hexenyl acetate,were measured and compared.In addition,the effect of applying(cis)-3-hexenyl acetate to wheat fields on both ladybeetle and cereal aphid populations was investigated.[Results]The emission rate and relative content of(cis)-3-hexenyl acetate emitted by wheat seedlings increased after these had been fed on by cereal aphids.Both wheat seedlings that had been fed on by cereal aphids and(cis)-3-hexenyl acetate were strongly attractive to adult ladybeetles.Applying(cis)-3-hexenyl acetate to wheat fields attracted ladybeetles and decreased wheat aphid abundance.[Conclusion]The herbivore-induced plant volatile,(cis)-3-hexenyl acetate,has the potential to attract the multicolored Asian ladybeetle,thereby enhancing the biocontrol of cereal aphids in wheat fields.