教师惩戒行为的刑法边界问题探究

A Probe into the Criminal Law’s Boundaries of Teachers’Punishing Behaviors

教师惩戒对于中小学生而言尤其不可或缺。但不当的教师惩戒行为会造成诸多损害后果,教师可能会因此承担民事、行政或刑事责任。因此,有必要探析教师惩戒行为的刑法边界问题。对于缺乏正当化的教师惩戒行为,并非一律由刑法规制。依据刑法谦抑原则,只有严重的不当教师惩戒行为才能纳入刑法规制的范围,严重违法的教师惩戒行为可能构成故意伤害罪、过失致人重伤罪、侮辱罪、非法拘禁罪、侵占罪等。

The teachers’punishment is indispensable for middle and primary school students.However,inappropriate punishment will bring about many consequences.And the teachers may bear certain civil,administrative or criminal responsibilities for this reason.Accordingly,it is necessary to probe into the criminal boundaries of the teachers’punishing behaviors.Those punishments without cogent reason cannot necessarily be regulated by the criminal law.According to the modesty and restraint principle,only the serious inappropriate teachers’punishing behaviors can be brought into the regulation scope of the criminal law.They may constitute crimes of intentional injury,causing serious injury by negligence,insult,false imprisonment and encroachment.