甲状腺乳头状癌患者术后并发症的分析与护理

Postoperative complications in patients with papillary thyroid cancer and the nursing interventions

目的探讨甲状腺乳头状癌患者术后并发症的发生情况与护理方法。方法回顾性选取2018年10月至2019年1月间中国医学科学院肿瘤医院收治的247例甲状腺乳头状癌患者的临床资料,统计术后并发症,分析发生原因及护理要点。结果247例甲状腺乳头状癌手术患者中,术后伤口出血2例,喉返神经损伤2例,甲状旁腺功能减退55例,低钙血症54例,淋巴漏1例,伤口积液1例,颈面部肿胀、颈周麻木疼痛、抬肩困难共12例,压力性损伤1例。术后平均住院时间(2.74±1.37)d,均痊愈出院。结论甲状腺乳头状腺癌术后并发症不能完全避免,术后密切观察、早期发现和及时处理是并发症护理的要点。

Objective To analyze the occurrence of postoperative complications in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma,and discuss the nursing interventions.Methods The clinical data of 247 patients who underwent surgery for thyroid papillary carcinoma at Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from October 2018 to January 2019 was reviewed.The incidence of postoperative complications was computed,and the background reasons and nursing points were analyzed.Results After operation,wound hemorrhage occurred in 2 patients,nervus laryngeus recurrens occurred in 2 patients,hypoparathyroidism occurred in 55 patients,hypocalcemia occurred in 54 patients,lymphatic leakage occurred in 1 patient,wound effusion occurred in 1 patient,facial and neck swelling,numbness and pain around neck and shoulder pain when lifting arm occurred in 12 patients and pressure injuries occurred in patient.The average postoperative length of hospital stay was 2.74±1.37 d and all patients were cured and discharged.Conclusion Postoperative complications in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma cannot be completely avoided.Close observation,early detection and timely treatment are the main points for nursing interventions.