2019年包头市城乡不同类别教育机构空气和物体表面微生物的检测

Detection of air and surface microorganisms in different types of educational institutions in urban and rural areas of Baotou in 2019

目的:了解2019年包头市城乡不同类别教育机构的空气和物体表面微生物的现状,为改善学校的空气和物体表面卫生质量、保障学生的健康、做好包头市学校的卫生与管理工作提供参考。方法:根据包头市城乡划分,采取多阶段抽样方法。首先采取分层随机抽样的方法抽取内蒙古自治区包头市的一个城区、一个农牧矿区,然后在城区和农牧矿区分层随机抽取一所幼儿园、一所小学、一所初中、一所高中,最后在所抽取的学校中随机抽取教室进行空气微生物和物体表面微生物的检测及分析。结果:共采集空气样本405份,总合格率为96.5%,城区学校教室空气细菌菌落总数合格率高于农牧矿区(χ^2=7.246,P=0.012);物体表面微生物样本178份,其中包括楼梯扶手样本70份、门把手样本108份,物体表面细菌菌落总数均在0~30 cfu/皿,经统计学检验,城乡不同类别教育机构的空气和物体表面微生物检测结果的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:包头市各类教育机构都非常重视卫生管理工作,各级卫生机构都充分重视学校卫生工作,学校卫生取得了良好的成效,这有助于为学生提供健康的学习环境,有助于提高学生的健康素质及学生的健康成长、成才。

Objective:To understand the status of air and surface microorganisms in urban and rural schools in Baotou City in 2019,so as to improve the quality of air and objects in schools,to ensure the health of students,and to do a good job in school hygiene and management in Baotou.Methods:According to the urban-rural division of Baotou City,a multi-stage sampling method was adopted.Firstly,a stratified random sampling method was used to extract an urban area and a rural area of Baotou City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Then,a kindergarten,a primary school,a middle school and a high school were randomly selected at the urban and rural levels.Finally,the classrooms were randomly selected in the selected schools for detection and analysis of air microorganisms and objects surface microorganisms.Results:A total of 405 air samples were collected,with a total pass rate of 96.5%.The pass rate of total bacterial colonies in the air of school classrooms in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas.There was a significant difference in the pass rate between urban and rural areas(χ^2=13.47,P<0.05).There were 178 samples of microorganisms on the surface of the objects(including 70 samples of stair armrests and 108 samples of door handles),and the total number of bacterial colonies on the surface of the objects is between 0~30cfu/dish.Statistical tests showed that there was no significant difference in the results of air and surface microorganisms between urban and rural educational institutions.Conclusion:All kinds of schools in Baotou City attach great importance to health management.Health institutions at all levels attach great importance to school health work.School health has achieved good results,which helps to provide students with a healthy learning environment,improves their health quality,and contributes to the healthy growth and success of students.