恩格斯晚年对资本主义变化的认识及其时代意义

Engels Understanding of the Changes of Capitalism in His Later Years and Its Significance of the Times

恩格斯作为19世纪八九十年代社会主义运动的精神领袖,他的晚年思想极为活跃。其中,关于资本主义新变化的认识是恩格斯晚年一系列思想变化的基点,也是科学评价恩格斯历史贡献的基础问题。围绕生产动力、经营方式、资本逻辑、阶级关系和危机形态,恩格斯全面、客观、批判地阐释了资本主义社会的现实图景,为作为理论形态、思想形态和实践形态的马克思主义的“守正创新”开辟了广阔空间。在百年未有之大变局的世界历史情境中,重温恩格斯晚年对资本主义新变化的认识理路,对深化当代资本主义运动规律的研究具有重要时代价值。

Engels is the spiritual leader of the socialist movement in 1890s. His thoughts in his later years are very active. Among them, the understanding of new changes in capitalism is the basis of a series of ideological changes in Engels' later years, and also the basic issue of scientific evaluation of Engels' historical contribution. Centering on the power of production, the mode of operation, the logic of capital, the relationship between classes and the form of crisis, Engels comprehensively, objectively and critically explains the realistic picture of capitalist society, which opens up a broad space for the “innovation and integrity” of Marxism as a theory, an ideology and a practice. In the historical context, within which the world is undergoing unprecedented changes, reviewing Engels' understanding of the new changes of capitalism in his later years is of great value in deepening the research on the laws of contemporary capitalist movement.