佳作成名必有因 未必登临始作文——谈苏辙《黄楼赋》的创作

Masterpieces Must Be Famous for Reasons That Do Not Necessarily Toured and Wrote Articles-Discussion on Su Zhe’s Huanglou Fu

以亭台楼阁为描写对象的散文是古代散文重要的题材之一。学殖深厚的宋代文人利用亭台楼阁散文将自己的审美理想和人文意趣灌注其中,取得了很高的文学成就。在亭台楼阁散文名作中有的作者本人未亲临,却摹写精到、神形兼具。苏辙和秦观都不曾到过黄楼,同样写出了同题名篇《黄楼赋》。尤其苏辙《黄楼赋》以写实化的笔触叙述了苏轼抗洪功绩和黄楼盛景,故苏辙在世时就有传为苏轼代写的说法,后人解读《黄楼赋》时往往也以苏辙到过黄楼而进行解读。如果结合苏辙在徐州近百日的现实生活经历,以及苏轼修建黄楼后征求众亲友诗文盛赞黄楼的实际情况,这些疑惑或可迎刃而解。

The prose that to describe with the object of pavilions is one of the important subjects of ancient proses. Literati in the Song Dynasty that have rich and extensive knowledge infuse their own aesthetic ideal and humanistic interest into the Pavilion Prose and acquire great achievements in literature. Among the famous Pavilion Prose, some authors themselves had not been there personally, but they could have a good description on both appearance and spirit. Neither Su Zhe nor Qin Guan had ever been to Huanglou, but both of them wrote the Huanglou Fu with the same title. Especially Su Zhe’s Huanglou Fu narrates Su Shi’s achievements in resisting floods and prosperous scenery of Huanglou in a realistic way.Therefore, when Su Zhe was alive, there was a saying that the Huanglou Fu was Su Shi’s Replacement Writing. When later generations read Huanglou Fu, they often interpreted that Su Zhe had been to Huanglou. If we combine Su Zhe’s real life experience in Xuzhou in the past hundred days and the fact that Su Shi solicited praise from relatives and friends after he built the Yellow Tower, these doubts could be solved easily.