儿童早期学习政策的新思路--基于2019年OECD《帮助婴幼儿学习和成长》报告

New Ideas on Early Learning Policies:Based on the Report of OECD "Helping Our Youngest to Learn and Grow" in 2019

OECD为进一步促进国际社会对儿童存在的理解、增强各国对儿童早期学习的投入力度、逐渐消除各地儿童发展差异,于2019年3月发布了《帮助婴幼儿学习和成长》政策研究报告。从儿童早期学习"机会"的获得、"结构性质量"的管理、"关键教学方法"的选择、"课程一体化"的设计四个"政策维度"入手阐释了当前OECD国家/地区在ECEC方面的政策实施现状。反映了这些国家/地区儿童早期学习政策发展的新思路:加强"保教一体化"整合式管理以保证有效衔接;普及3岁以上儿童学前教育以实现义务教育向幼小化延伸;建立国家级幼儿教育课程标准以提供一致的质量基准;保障ECEC阶段师资数量和质量以提升幼师专业水准。

In order to further promote the understanding of the existence of children in the international community,strengthen the investment of countries in early learning,and gradually eliminate the differences in the development of children,OECD published a policy research report on Helping Our Youngest to Learn and Grow in March 2019. The report explained OECD countries’ current situation of policy development in ECEC,about four dimensions:the acquisition of "opportunities",the management of "structural quality",the choice of "key teaching methods",the design of "integrated courses" for early childhood learning. These reflects the new ideals of the development of early learning policy in these countries:Strengthening the integrated management of "integration of care and education" to ensure effective convergence;Popularize preschool education for children over 3 years of age in order to extend compulsory education to early childhood;establish national curriculum standards for early childhood education to provide consistent quality standards;and ensure the number and quality of teachers in ECEC stage in order to improve teachers’ professional standards.