基于环境规制的环渤海地区工业集聚对生态效率的时空影响

Spatial and Temporal Impact of Industrial Agglomeration on Ecological Efficiency in Bohai Economic Rim--A Study Based on Environmental Regulation

基于2009-2016年环渤海地区44个城市的面板数据,利用DEA模型、动态面板的差分GMM估计方法等对环渤海地区环境规制、工业集聚与生态效率进行综合探究,得出如下结论:(1)山东省、京津冀的城市环境规制强度和生态效率呈上升趋势,辽宁省的城市环境规制强度和生态效率则呈波动下降趋势。京津冀和辽宁省大多数城市的区位熵有明显下降趋势,山东省城市的区位熵变动趋势不明显,大多数城市区位熵呈波动态势。(2)环渤海地区生态效率的滞后项系数显著为正,环境规制、工业集聚与生态效率分别呈正相关和负相关关系,而工业集聚与环境规制的交互项与生态效率呈正相关关系。(3)经济发展水平、人口规模、外商直接投资对生态效率的影响显著为正,而人力资本对生态效率的影响不显著。可以看出,环境规制、工业集聚对生态效率的提高至关重要,而经济发展、人口规模、外商直接投资等也都是提高生态效率的重要因素。

Environmental regulation, industrial agglomeration and ecological efficiency in Bohai Economic Rim are explored in this thesis based on the panel data of 44 cities from 2009 to 2016, DEA model and differential GMM estimation method of dynamic panel. The results indicate that: ① Environmental regulation intensity and ecological efficiency in Shandong, Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province showed an upward trend while that in Hebei Province was in a downward trend. The location entropy in most cities of Liaoning, Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province had obvious downward trend. The location entropy in Shandong province was not obvious, and in most cities showed a trend of fluctuation. ② The lag coefficient of ecological efficiency in Bohai Economic Rim was significantly positive. The impact of environmental regulation on ecological efficiency was positively correlated, and the impact of industrial agglomeration on ecological efficiency was negatively correlated. The interaction between industrial agglomeration and environmental regulation was positively related to the ecological efficiency. ③ The impact of economic development level, population size and foreign investment level on ecological efficiency was significantly positive, and the impact of human capital on ecological efficiency was not significant. Therefore, environmental regulation and industrial agglomeration were crucial to the improvement of ecological efficiency, and economic development, population size and foreign investment level were also important factors to improve ecological efficiency.