国教运动与近代话语转向

The National Religion Movement and the Turn of Modern Discourse

近代中国走向半殖民地半封建社会的过程,也是国家与社会话语从封建形态向近代形态的转化过程。清末民初至五四新文化运动时期是近代话语重塑最热烈的时期。国教运动作为新话语体系的塑造运动,在马相伯的言行中有典型反映,其中涉及复杂的传统文化与近代文化、古代社会与近代社会、古典学术与近代学术的关系纠葛。以国教运动为线索,揭示清末民初话语转型过程中文化、政治、思想等的勾连互动关系,可以显现出近代话语转型与建构过程中某些规律性与本质性的要素。

The process by which modern China became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society was also the process by which national and social discourse made a turn from a feudal to a modern form.The period from the late Qing and early Republic to the May 4th Movement was the highest tide of modern discourse reconstruction.As the shaping movement of the new discourse system,the national religion movement found a classic reflection in Ma Xiangbo’s words and deeds.It involved the complex relationship between traditional and transitional culture,ancient and modern society,and classical and modern scholarship.Taking the national religion movement as a guiding thread,this paper reveals the interaction of culture,politics,and thought in the process of discourse transformation in the late Qing and early Republican period,thus highlighting some laws and essence in the process of discourse transformation and construction in early modern China.