从“失语”到“走出去”:中国文论的当代建构与影响

From“Aphasia”to“Going Global”:The Contemporary Construction and Its Influence of Chinese Literary Theory

中国古代曾建构过体大思精的文论体系,现代以来,中国学者融汇古今,联通中西,在文论上做出了不少创见。尤其是改革开放40年来,中国文论经历了从反思“失语”而寻求文论话语的自我建构,到通过批判西方文论的“强制阐释”以谋求发出声音,再到吁求“走出去”以发挥影响的过程。如果说前两种论争是对文论的深刻批评,其后“走出去”的诉求则表达了对中国文论还未真正走向世界、诞生具有世界影响的理论的深刻反思。从“失语”到“走出去”是一个从“无”到“有”的过程,即从对“失语”之“无”的批判,到在对话交流中建构“有”的转变。“走出去”的中国文论应该是“融汇古今,联通中西”的文论,是具有当代性、能够融入世界性理论体系的文论。

Broad in conception and meticulous in details,China’s ancient scholars had built up a system of literary criticism.Since modern times,Chinese scholars have been integrating ancient and modern ideas,linking China and the West,and invented many creative concepts in literary theory.Especially in the past 40 years of reform and opening-up,China’s literary theory has been seeking self construction of literary discourse from the reflection of“aphasia”,and through the criticism“imposed interpretation”of Western literary theory to seek its own voice,and then to appeal to“Going Global”to exert its influence.The“Going Global”of the Chinese literary theory should be a literary theory that combines ancient and modern,connecting China and the West,as well as one that can dialogue with the world.