健康公平视域下的城市食品荒漠研究进展

A social justice perspective to urban food deserts: A review

食品荒漠是指健康食品缺乏或可达性较差的弱势群体聚集区域。在对食品荒漠概念进行梳理与辨析的基础上,提出了健康公平视域下的城市食品荒漠研究概念框架,从健康食品可达性、健康食品供给社会均等化、食品荒漠与居民健康等3个维度,对城市食品荒漠研究进行综述性分析。结果显示:跨区域对比分析有助于理解不同社会经济背景下的食品荒漠问题;公共健康、公共政策、社会学、地理学多学科交叉融合的手段有助于对食品荒漠问题的解析;食品荒漠治理需要定量评估相关政策的实际成效。

Food deserts are commonly defined as the socioeconomically disadvantaged areas lacking of or with restricted access to healthy foods. Understanding food deserts and their association with public health from the lens of social justice is of great theoretical and practical significance for healthy city planning and design. After summarizing the food desertconceptualizations,this paper proposes a conceptual framework for understanding food deserts and then reviews the relevant literaturefrom three aspects: healthy food accessibility, socioeconomic inequalities in healthy foods provision, and health consequences of food deserts. Results show that(1) cross-regional comparative analysis is helpful for understanding food deserts with different socioeconomic contexts;(2) an interdisciplinary approach is essential for understanding food deserts;and(3) a quantitative method of related policyperformance is critical for addressing food deserts.