青少年网络受欺负与自伤的关系:友谊质量与反刍思维的调节作用

The Relationship between Cybervictimization and SelfInjury of Adolescents:The Moderating Role of Friendship Quality and Ruminative Response

为探讨青少年网络受欺负与自伤行为的关系,以及友谊质量和反刍思维在二者关系中的调节作用,采用青少年自我伤害问卷、网络受欺负问卷、友谊质量问卷等对1805名青少年进行调查。结果表明,网络受欺负对自伤行为有正向预测作用,且友谊质量和反刍思维共同调节二者的关系,即在低友谊质量高反刍思维的情况下,网络受欺负对青少年自伤行为有明显影响。提示心理干预者要注意帮助网络受欺负者寻找同伴友谊情感支持和构建理性健康认知模式。

It is widely acknowledged that self-injury is a psychopathological behavior existing in adolescents and wins high attention in recent years.According to the General Stain Theory,when an individual suffers bullying and cannot cope with it through his own existing experience or ability,there will be an oppressive subjective feeling generated in his mind.In order to cope with such a negative feeling,people are likely to adopt some maladaptive methods,and self-injury is one of them.Existing studies have documented that cybervictimization has a significant predictive effect on self-injury,namely,the individuals with multiple cybervictimization experience are more likely to hurt themselves.However,the mechanism of the effect of cybervictimization on self-injury remains unknown.Therefore,the aim of the present study is to explore the mechanism of cybervictimization experiences on adolescents'self-injurious behavior.In light of the General Stain Theory,there are some hypotheses:the quality of friendship and rumination have independent and joint moderating effects on the relationship between cybervictimization experience and self-injury of adolescents.The individuals with high-level friendship quality and low-level rumination are unlikely to adopt self-injury as a method to cope with negative emotions,given that them feel more support in daily life.In present study,cluster sampling method was adopted,and 1805 adolescents were recruited from 6 middle schools in Changsha,Xiangtan and Shaoyang of Hunan province.The students were all assessed by a series of self-assessment scale,including Adolescents Self-Harm Scale,Cybervictimization Questionnaire,Friendship Quality Questionnaire and Ruminative Response Scale.Among all subjected in this study,the statistical data from 1436 adolescents with cybervictimization experience was selected to be analyzed with T test,Pearson correlation and linear regression The results showed as follow:(1)adolescents'cybervictimization could positively predict their self-injurious behavior.(2)Friendship quality had a negative moderating effect on the relationship between cybervictimization and self-injurious behaviors of adolescents.That is,the higher the quality of friendship,the less was the influence of cyberbullying experience on self-injurious behaviors of adolescents.(3)Rumination had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between cybervictimization and self-injurious behaviors of adolescents.That is,the higher the level of rumination,the greater was the influence of cybervictimization experience on self-injurious behaviors of adolescents.(4)The quality of friendship and rumination had significant joint moderating effects on the relationship between cybervictimization and self-injurious behaviors of adolescents.In special,only in group where the individuals had low-level friendship quality and high-level rumination,the cybervictimization experience played a significant predictive effect on self-injurious behaviors.The conclusion of this study is that the relationship between cyberbullying experience and self-injurious behaviors of adolescents is regulated by both of friendship quality and rumination.This result reveals the mechanism of adolescents'cyberbullying on self-injurious behaviors,which provide some new reference and revelation for the intervention of adolescents'cyberbullying victims in social activity.When a victim of cyberbullying needs help,aid workers should pay attention not only to providing reliable social support to victims(e.g.the support from close friends),but also to changing their negative unreasonable cognitive style into a rational one.