网络受欺负对青少年睡眠问题的影响:压力感和抑郁的链式中介作用

Effect of Cyberbullying Victimization on Adolescents’Sleeping Problem:The Chain Mediating Role of Perceived Stress and Depression

为探讨网络受欺负、压力感、抑郁和青少年睡眠问题的关系,采用网络受欺负量表、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量自评量表和传统受欺负量表对682名中学生进行调查,结果发现:(1)网络受欺负、压力感、抑郁以及睡眠问题两两之间显著正相关;(2)网络受欺负不仅直接正向预测青少年的睡眠问题,还可以通过压力感的单独中介作用以及压力感与抑郁的链式中介作用来间接影响睡眠问题。研究结果进一步揭示网络受欺负对睡眠问题的作用机制,能为减少网络受欺负对青少年情绪健康和睡眠质量的消极影响提供有益建议。

Cyberbullying is defined as“any behavior performed through electronic or digital media by individuals or groups that repeatedly communicate hostile or aggressive messages intended to inflict harm or discomfort on others”.Therefore,cyberbullying victimization refers to experiences of someone who have been cyberbullied by the perpetrators.Nowadays,a growing body of research has investigated the influence of cyberbullying victimization on individuals’social-psychological adaptation and made a series of achievements.For example,studies demonstrate that cyberbullying victimization can contribute to induce more negative affect,increase negative self-concept,decrease self-esteem as well as increase loneliness and deviant behaviors.As research continues,some researchers begin to explore the association between cyberbullying victimization and physical health.These studies have shown that cyberbullying victimization is positively associated with somatic symptoms,such as headache,feeling nervous,difficulties in getting sleep and so on.However,few research using the standardized questionnaires directly explored the relation between cyberbullying victimization and sleeping problem.Sleep plays a critical role in adolescents’daily life.There is considerable evidence suggesting that poor sleep quality can seriously damage adolescents’cognitive and emotional function,and therefore lead to a series of negative consequences.It is necessary to explore the influence of cyberbullying victimization on adolescents’sleeping problem and the underlying psychological process.Existing research has shown that perceived stress and depression may play important roles between cyberbullying victimization and sleeping problem.Therefore,this study intends to explore the influence of cyberbullying victimization on sleeping problem and its mechanism.To investigate the relationship between cyberbullying victimization,perceived stress,depression and sleeping problem,a survey research method was adopted in which the Cyberbullying Victimization Scale,Depression Anxiety Stress Scale,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale and Traditional Victimization Scale were administered to 682 middle school students.Data were collected and analyzed with AMOS 21.0 and the bias-corrected percentile Bootstrap method was used to analyze the chain mediating roles of perceived stress and depression between cyberbullying victimization and sleeping problem.The results indicated:(1)The relationship between each pair of cyberbullying victimization,stress,depression and sleeping problem was significantly positive.Furthermore,cyberbullying victimization,perceived stress as well as depression were positively correlated with sleeping problems.Cyberbullying victimization directly predicted sleeping problem but had no direct effect on depression.However,cyberbullying victimization significantly predicted perceived stress;perceived stress significantly predicted depression;both perceived stress and depression significantly predicted sleeping problem.(2)Cyberbullying victimization affected adolescents’sleeping problem through two indirect paths:the mediating role of perceived stress,and the chain mediating role of both perceived stress and depression.The present study highlights the complex nature of association between cyberbullying victimization and adolescents’sleeping problem,which expands the existing research related to the association between offline stressors and sleeping problem by exploring the negative effect of online stressors.It may contribute to understanding how cyberbullying victimization influences sleeping problem.In addition,these findings have theoretical and practical implications for educators aimed at preventing the adverse influence of cyberbullying victimization and improving adolescents’sleep quality.