英汉反身代词概念基础对比研究

A Contrastive Study of the Conceptual Basis for Reflexives in English and Chinese

关于反身代词的研究多以形式语言学为指导,忽视了其概念基础。本文对英汉反身代词的概念基础进行了对比,发现英语反身代词有提示自我概念中的主体和客体可以分离的主要功能,而汉语没有形成专门用来表达主客二分概念的反身构式。"自己"在句子中经常充当主语和属格语,说明汉语反身代词主要表达主体包含在自我中。对照英汉反身代词概念基础差异,结合认知照应理论可以为句法领域饱受争议的汉语反身代词约束现象,如长距离照应、次管制效应和阻断效应等提供自然统一的解释。

Studies on reflexives have been carried out mostly from formal linguistics,leaving their conceptual basis neglected.To address this problem,this study contrasts the conceptual basis of English and Chinese Reflexives.The results show that while the primary function of English reflexives is to indicate the separation of the Subject(the locus of consciousness)from the Self(the objective aspect of a person),Chinese lacks the reflexive constructions which embody the separation of the Subject from the Self."Ziji"often functions as subject and genitive NP in Chinese sentences,suggesting that the Subject is usually contained in the Self in Chinese.The conceptual differences between Chinese and English reflexives,viewed from the cognitive theory of anaphora,can give a natural and unified account of the referential properties of Chinese reflexives which have long been controversial in syntax,such as long distance binding,sub-command binding,and blocking effects.