大型滑雪旅游度假区建设的制度环境:内涵认知、困境与需求导向

Institutional Environment for Construction of Large Ski Tourism Resorts:Connotation,Dilemma and Needs

制度环境是大型滑雪旅游度假区建设的关键性支撑,从制度环境角度推动大型滑雪旅游度假区的建设更科学、有效。通过文献分析、制度分析及实地考察等方法,对大型滑雪旅游度假区的内涵、特征、现状、困境及需求趋势与导向进行了判断。研究得出,大型滑雪旅游度假区建设的制度环境是聚焦于大型滑雪旅游度假区建设、运营密切相关的基本制度而形成的,这种制度环境要求有效性,呈现出与运营主体、特定区域及自身适应性的特征;现有制度环境虽然日益完善,但仍然形成了制度环境滞后、制度组成单一及各参与主体缺乏有机融合的困境。正式制度的需求导向指向大型滑雪旅游度假区建设的引导和规范两个层面,非正式制度的需求导向指向了冬季体育文化、冬季运动价值观念,冬季体育传统及相关意识形态。

Institutional environment is the key support for the constructing large ski tourism resorts,which is more scientific and effective.By means of literature review,system analysis and field investigation,the connotation,characteristics,current situation,difficulties,demand trend and orientation of large ski resorts were studied.It could be seen that the institutional environment was formed by focusing on the basic system closely related to the construction and operation.This institutional environment required validity,adaptability to the main body of operation,specific region and itself.Although the institutional environment improved gradually,it was faced with backward institutional environment,single institutional composition and lack of organic integration of all participants.Therefore,formal institution was directed by the guidance and regulation of the construction of large ski resorts,informal institution refered to winter sports culture,values,winter sports tradition and related ideology.