基于双层规划的应急物资调配研究

Research on allocation of emergency material based on bi-level programming

为在突发性自然灾害发生后的黄金救援时间内,使各应急物资调配中心的物资在最短时间内高效地运往各受灾点,最大程度地平衡受灾程度不同的受灾点群众对应急物资救援的心理满意度,构建以应急物资救援时间最短为目标的上层模型;通过借鉴前景理论量化受灾群众的心理满意度,在考虑各受灾点对有限应急物资存在竞争关系的基础上,建立下层非合作博弈模型;设计遗传算法求解上层模型、改进粒子群算法求解下层模型的层次混合算法。结果表明:构建的多应急物资调配中心多受灾点的非线性整数双层规划模型,使应急物资的调配具有时效性,且更加客观地衡量各灾点物资调配的公平合理性,该模型为应急物资调配研究提供借鉴与参考。

In order to efficiently transport the material in each allocation center of emergency material to each disaster-affected point in the shortest time,and balance the psychological satisfaction of people in each disaster-affected point with different disaster-affected degree about the emergency material rescue to the greatest extent within the golden rescue time after the sudden natural disasters,an upper-level model with the shortest rescue time of emergency material as the goal was constructed,then a lower-level non-cooperation game model was constructed on the basis of considering the competitive relationship between the disaster-affected points for the limited emergency material and quantifying the psychological satisfaction of disaster-affected people through referring to the prospect theory(PT).The hierarchical hybrid algorithm was designed,which adopted the genetic algorithm(GA)to solve the upper-level model and the improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO)to solve the lower-level model.The results showed that the constructed non-linear integer bi-level programming(NIBP)model of multiple allocation centers of emergency material and multiple disaster-affected points could not only reflect the timeliness of emergency material allocation,but also measure the fairness and rationality of material allocation to each disaster-affected point more objectively.This model provided references for the researchs of emergency material allocation.