北京市城区家庭保健员培训需求的质性研究

Training Needs of Family Carers in Urban Areas of Beijing:a Qualitative Study

背景慢性病已成为消耗我国有限卫生资源的主要因素,现推行的家庭保健员管理模式在慢性病防控中发挥着重要作用。目的了解北京市家庭保健员培训需求,为下一步制定相关政策提供参考。方法2018年10—11月,在前期实施问卷调查的北京市15区30家社区卫生服务中心中随机抽取5家,对5家社区卫生服务中心的20名家庭保健员及10名培训者实施个人深入访谈,使用内容分析法分析访谈材料。结果家庭保健员访谈主题包括丰富培训内容、多样化培训方式、合理安排培训时间;培训者访谈主题包括培训授课技能、培训中青年家保员、强化经费支持、增加人力分工合作。结论丰富家庭保健员培训内容、多样化培训方式、合理安排培训时间、培训中青年家保员,同时加强培训者授课技能、年轻化师资队伍、加大经费开支、强化与合理分配人力资源是进一步提高家庭保健员培训质量的关键问题。

Background Chronic diseases have become the main factors for the consumption of limited health resources in China.The current management mode of family carers plays an important role in the prevention and control of chronic diseases.Objective To understand the training needs of family carers in Beijing,in order to provide reference for the next step in formulating relevant policies.Methods From October to November in 2018,a total of 20 family carers and 10 trainers from five community health service centers randomly selected from the previous survey including 30 community health service centers of 15 districts in Beijing were enrolled in our study.An individual in-depth interview was conducted.The interview materials were analyzed by content analysis method.Results The topics of interviews for family carers included enriching training content,diversifying training methods and arranging training time reasonably.The topics of interviews for trainers included training teaching skills,training young and middle-aged family carers,strengthening financial support and increasing labor division and cooperation.Conclusion The key to improve the quality of the family carer training is to enrich training content,diversify training methods,arrange training time reasonably,train family carers who are young and middle-aged,strengthen the teaching skills of the trainers,rejuvenate teaching staff,increase financial support,and allocate human resources reasonably.