高校信息公开起诉权的滥用及制度矫正

Abuse of Prosecution Right in Field of Colleges Information Disclosure and Its System Correction

自2010年《高等学校信息公开办法》实施后,高校信息公开行政诉讼案件也经历了从无到有、到近几年大幅增加的过程。与高校信息公开的公开范围不足、事项不清晰同时并存的,是信息公开申请权与起诉权的滥用现象。为了避免高校信息公开制度的异化,一是应当借鉴其他国家的经验,建立滥用诉权的识别及法律规制制度,将反复、滋扰性、无理由诉讼界定为滥诉并采取终止、禁止诉讼等司法行为进行规制;二是应当将政府信息公开领域滥诉的界定及矫正延伸适用至高校信息公开领域,充分借鉴政府信息公开领域限制诉权滥用的"陆红霞案"等最高人民法院公报案例的指引作用;三是应当进一步明确高校信息公开领域的规则指引,吸收近十年高校信息公开的实践经验,在公开范围、事项以及司法救济的衔接等方面对《高等学校信息公开办法》进行修订完善,以更好地发挥信息公开制度的积极作用。

In 2010, Freedom of Colleges’ Information Act 2010 formally opened the curtain of the information disclosure of colleges and universities, and the administrative litigation cases of the information disclosure of colleges also experienced a process from scratch to a substantial increase in recent years. Vexatious proceedings coexist with the lack of scope and unclear matters of college information disclosure. In order to avoid the dissimilation of the information disclosure system in colleges, we should first establish the identification and legal regulation system of abusing the right of action, and define repeated, nuisance and unreasonable litigation as abusive litigation and take judicial actions such as termination and prohibition of litigation to regulate it;secondly, we should extend the definition and correction of abusive litigation in the field of government information disclosure to the information disclosure in colleges from the guiding cases such as the"Lu Hongxia case". Finally, we should further clarify the rules and guidelines in the field of information disclosure in colleges, as well as modify Freedom of College’s Information Act 2010 in terms of the scope and matters of information disclosure, and its connection with judicial proceeding, in order to better play the positive role of the information disclosure system.