基于数字岸线分析系统的海岸线时空变化速率分析--以海州湾为例

Time-space velocity analysis of coastline based on digital shoreline analysis system: A case study of the Haizhou Bay

本文选取1985-2018年间具有代表性的6期Landsat遥感影像,运用数字海岸线分析系统,综合利用面积法和基线法定量分析海州湾的岸线变迁,并进行岸线分类和驱动力分析。结果表明,30多年来海州湾岸线整体呈持续向海推进的态势,增长岸线比例总体处于不断增加的趋势,除了2005-2009年发生短暂的减小;1985-2018年,岸线长度增加了10.40 km,陆域面积增加了52.84 km^2;海州湾岸线以人工岸线为主,且比重日渐增大,从1985年的47.90%到2018年的70.88%,前中期的沿海围垦养殖及后期的围海造陆是海岸线变迁的主要驱动力;其终点变化速率为26.09 m/a,净海岸线变化为155.12 m,记录增加总横断面在各个时期均大于50%,岸线变迁最剧烈的区域为新沭河-高公岛段,陆域增长点在于赣榆新城、连云新城建设和连云港港口建设。

Six representative Landsat remote sensing images from 1985 to 2018 are selected in this paper. Using the digital coastline analysis system to quantitatively analyze the shoreline changes in the Haizhou Bay by using the area method and the baseline method, and to classify and the driving force analysis. The results show that the coastline of the Haizhou Bay moving towards the sea for more than 30 years, and the proportion of the growth shoreline is generally in a growing trend, except for a brief decrease in 2005-2009. From 1985 to 2018, the shoreline length increased by 10.40 km and the land area increased by 52.84 km^2. The artificial coastline is the dominant type in the Haizhou Bay, and its proportion is increasing. From 47.90% in 1985 to 70.88% in 2018, coastal cofferdam farming in the early and mid-term and post-sea reclamation are the main driving forces for coastline change. The endpoint change rate was 26.09 m/a, the net coastline change was 155.12 m, and the recorded total cross-section was greater than 50% in each period. The most severe area of the coastline change was from the Xinshu Estuary to Gaogong Island. In the island section, the growth of land area lies in the construction of Ganyu City, Lianyun New City and Lianyungang Port.