2017-2018年山东省奶牛场犊牛腹泻相关病毒病原学检测

Pathogenic Detection of Viruses Related to Calf Diarrhea in Dairy Farms in Shandong Province during 2017 to 2018

为了解山东省奶牛养殖场中引起犊牛腹泻相关病毒的流行情况,2017-2018年,在全省13个地区51家规模化奶牛养殖场,采集624份犊牛腹泻病料样品,进行牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)、牛肠道病毒(BEV)、牛冠状病毒(BCo V)和牛轮状病毒(BRV)PCR检测,并对检测结果采用SPSS 20.0软件进行数据统计以及显著性差异分析(Pearson卡方检验)。结果显示:BVDV、BEV、BCo V、BRV个体检出率分别为34.58%、11.78%、8.84%、17.70%,群体检出率分别为47.83%、38.89%、35.71%、33.33%,BVDV检出率显著高于其他3种病毒(P<0.01),且有流行加重趋势;鲁西北、鲁中、鲁西南、半岛地区4种病毒的检出率有差异,其中鲁中地区的BVDV检出率明显高于其他地区(P<0.01)。结果表明,BVDV、BEV、BCo V、BRV 4种病原在山东省奶牛场中流行广泛,以BVDV流行最为严重,尤其是鲁中地区,且有流行加重趋势,成为导致奶牛场犊牛腹泻的主要病毒性因素,建议有针对性地开展防控与净化。本检测初步摸清了山东省不同地区引起奶牛犊牛腹泻相关病毒的感染情况,可为山东省制定奶牛腹泻病综合防控措施提供数据支撑。

In order to make sure the prevalence status of viruses leading to calf diarrhea in dairy farms in Shandong Province during 2017 to 2018,624 samples of diarrhea materials were collected from 51 large-scale dairy farms in 13 regions across the province for PCR detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV),bovine enterovirus(BEV),bovine coronavirus(BCo V)and bovine rotavirus(BRV),and the results were summarized by SPSS 20.0 software and analyzed by Pearson’s chi-squared test.It was shown that the individual detection rates of BVDV,BEV,BCo V and BRV were 34.58%,11.78%,8.84%and 17.70%respectively,the group detection rates were 47.83%,38.89%,35.71%and 33.33%respectively,the detection rate of BVDV was greatly higher than that of other viruses(P<0.01),and its prevalence showed an increasing trend,especially in central Shandong(P<0.01),although the detection rates of the four viruses were different in northwest,central and southwest of Shandong and peninsula region.It was concluded that BVDV,BEV,BCo V and BRV were widely spread in dairy farms in Shandong Province,especially BVDV in central Shandong where it trended to be more serious,which mainly caused calf diarrhea,and should be specially prevented,controlled and purified.The prevalence status of viruses related to calf diarrhea was preliminarily identified in different regions of Shandong Province,which provided relevant data for developing comprehensive measures to prevent and control the disease.