基于生态系统服务的海岸带生态修复工程成效评估——以鹦鹉洲湿地为例

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a coastal ecological restoration project based on ecosystem services:A case study on Yingwuzhou Wetland,China

鹦鹉洲湿地作为上海首个国家级人工海岸线修复试点项目已运行接近3年,现阶段了解工程修复成效对决策者、建设者和管理者至关重要.本研究基于生态系统服务,选取植物供给、水质净化、固碳、气候调节、抗风消浪、生物多样性维持、休闲娱乐和科研教育8项关键性评价指标,开展工程成效评估.评估结果显示,鹦鹉洲2018年生态系统服务总价值为437.6万元·a^-1,单位面积价值为18.9万元·hm^-2·a^-1,其中文化服务(45.6%)>调节服务(41.9%)>支持服务(12.4%)>供给服务(0.1%);实施生态修复后鹦鹉洲岸段生态系统服务价值显著提高,其服务类型以文化、生态为核心,服务区域具有本地化特点,对金山岸线生态环境质量的改善作用明显.本次研究成果直观显示了鹦鹉洲的修复成效,研究方法可为类似海岸带生态修复工程的评估提供参考.

For the last three years,Yingwuzhou Wetland has been operating as the first national-level artificial coastline restoration pilot project in Shanghai;it is important for decision makers,builders,and administrators to understand the effectiveness of the project.In this paper,we study eight key indicators of ecosystem services to evaluate project performance,namely plant supply,water purification,carbon sequestration,climate regulation,wind and wave elimination,biodiversity conservation,recreation,and research and education.The results show that the total value of ecosystem services in Yingwuzhou in 2018 was 437.6×10^4 yuan·a^-1,and the value per unit area was 18.9×10^4 yuan·hm^-2·a^-1;the proportional ranking of services can be classified as follows:Cultural Services(45.6%)>Regulation Services(41.9%)>Supporting Services(12.4%)>Provisioning Services(0.1%).The evaluation results show that the value of ecosystem services on the coastline of Yingwuzhou Wetland is significantly improved after ecological restoration;ecosystem services,moreover,are centered on culture and ecology,and the service area has localization characteristics,which has a noticeable effect on improvement of the ecological environment quality at the Jinshan coastline.The results of this study will help to visualize the effectiveness of the restoration of Yingwuzhou Wetland.The research methods can serve as a reference for the evaluation of similar ecological restoration projects in coastal zones.