生育权的历史演变与价值维度

Historical Evolution and Value Dimensions of Reproductive Right

生育权是每个人与生俱来的基本权利,既是公法层面的人权范畴,同时也是私法层面的民事权利。自然生育时期、义务生育时期以及权利生育时期生育发展状况的明示,展现了生育权由萌芽到最终确立的纵向历史演变进程。西方国家个人主义、人文主义、幸福主义和多元主义的生育价值表达,我国由古至今向"个人主义"的生育价值转换以及综合域内外生育价值的共性特质,体现了生育权多样价值维度的横向呈现。以哲学的视角综合阐释纵向层面的生育权历史演变进程及横向层面的生育权价值维度呈现,是法学领域生育权研究的理论基础,为今后生育权主体权益的保障、生育权立法规制的有理、执法实施的有序、司法裁判的有据提供了宏观指导与方向指引。

Reproductive right is a basic birthright of everyone,which is not only a human right in public laws,but also a civil right in private laws.The indication of reproductive development in the natural reproductive period,the compulsory reproductive period and the right reproductive period shows the longitudinal historical evolution of reproductive right from the bud to the final establishment.The reproductive value of individualism,humanism,eudaemonism and pluralism in western countries,the transformation of reproductive value from ancient to present to"individualism"in China,and the common characteristics of reproductive value inside and outside the comprehensive domain reflect the horizontal presentation of multiple value dimensions of reproductive right.The comprehensive interpretation from the perspective of philosophy is the theoretical foundation of reproductive right research in the law field.This paper provides a macro guidance and direction for reproductive right protection,legislation regulation,law enforcement and judicial adjudication in the future.