集中连片特困区旅游扶贫效率及其影响因素研究——以滇桂黔片区为例

Study on the Tourism Effects on Poverty and its Elimination Effecting Factors:A Case Study of Yunnan Guangxi Guizhou rocky patches

发展旅游业是目前集中连片特困区开展扶贫攻坚工作的重要战略选择。既有研究有少量关注集中连片特困地区旅游扶贫效率的问题,但对集中连片特困区内旅游扶贫效率的时空演化格局以及扶贫效率影响因素等探究不足。为此,基于2010-2015年滇桂黔石漠化集中连片特困地区27个县的面板数据,运用数据包络分析法(DEA)对滇桂黔片区的旅游扶贫效率进行测算,使用ArcGIS软件平台分析其时空演化格局,在此基础上从经济发展水平、产业结构、政府投入三大方面选取了6项指标,通过分位数回归模型探索影响旅游扶贫效率的因素。结果表明:该片区在产出效益和旅游扶贫效率两方面都存在空间上的聚集性,旅游扶贫效率呈现出西高东低的空间格局;片区内资源丰富、景区等级高的地区效率普遍较低,旅游业对经济的带动性没有被完全发掘;在各个效率水平上,产业结构和GDP对旅游扶贫效率的影响显著,固定资产投资与政府财政投入的影响不显著。

The exerting point of the poverty-relief work in Contiguous Destitute Areas is to develop Tourism industry.The existing researches have studied on the tourism poverty alleviation efficiency of the Contiguous Destitute Areas,but studies about the time-space pattern evolution and effect factors of these area are still need to be enriched.Thus,based panel data collected form 27 counties in the Stony Desertification Area of Yunnan,Guangxi and Guizhou for 2010-2015,applied the DEA model to measure the tourism poverty alleviation efficiency,combined with the GIS spatial analysis function study its space-time pattern evolution,on this basis,an index system has been constructed which covered 6 indicators of economic development,industrial structure and government investment.Then analyzed the influencing factors of the tourism poverty alleviation efficiency by employing the quantile regression method.The results showed that:The tourism poverty alleviation efficiency has gathered in space form the perspective of output benefit and the perspective of input and output efficiency.The tourism poverty alleviation efficiency is high in the west and low in the east.The counties with famous scenic spot and rich in tourism resources have lower efficiency,the tourism industry currently do not have strong impetus to the development of regional economic;At all quantiles of the efficiency,the industrial structure and GDP have the most significant impact on the tourism poverty alleviation efficiency,while the effect of fixed assets and the government shows a distinct hysteresis.