2种木本植物的化感物质对十字花科植物生长的影响

Effects of allelochemicals of two woody plants on the growth of cruciferous plants

为了了解木本植物与草本植物之间的相生相克作用,分析了杨树落叶浸提液、北美海棠落叶浸提液分别对油菜和二月兰种子的发芽率及幼苗的胚轴长、根长、胚轴粗度、植株鲜重、植株干重等指标的影响。结果表明:杨树落叶浸提液使油菜的发芽率、胚轴长、根长、鲜重、干重显著下降了30.0%、58.6%、78.4%、44.9%、52.7%,使二月兰的发芽率、根长、鲜重、干重下降了36.7%、69.9%、77.1%、62.7%。北美海棠落叶浸提液使油菜发芽率、根长下降了21.1%、54.0%,使油菜胚轴粗度提高了21.2%,使二月兰发芽率、根长、鲜重、干重下降了24.5%、57.6%、39.9%、53.7%,使二月兰胚轴长显著提高了87.3%。综上,杨树落叶浸提液和北美海棠落叶浸提液分别对油菜和二月兰种子的萌发和植株的生长总体都表现为抑制作用,杨树落叶浸提液影响更大。

In order to understand the synergistic interaction between woody plant and herbs,the growth indicators of rapes and Orychophragmus violaceus plants,such as germination rate,length of hypocotyls,root length,hypocotyl coarsenes,fresh weight,dry weight,were observed by processing the deciduous extract of poplars and North American Begonia.The results showed that the deciduous extract of poplars decreased seeds germination rate,length of hypocotyls,root length,fresh weight,dry weight of the rapes by 30.0%,58.6%,78.4%,44.9%,52.7%,and reduced the germination rate,root length,fresh weight,dry weight of Orychophragmus violaceus by 36.7%,69.9%,77.1%,and 62.7%.The water extract of the North American Begonia deciduous leaves reduced rape seeds germination,the root length by 21.1% and 54.0%.Compared with the control of rape seed hypocotyl coarseness increased by 21.2%,the germination rate,root length,fresh weight,and dry weight of the Orychophragmus violaceus decreased by 24.5%,57.6%,39.9%,and 53.7%,and the length of the embryonic axis of Orychophragmus violaceus was significantly increased by 87.3%.In summary,the extract of the poplar and the North American Begonia had inhibitory effects on the seed germination and plant growth of the rapes and Orychophragmus violaceus.The effects of the poplar deciduous leaves on the germination and seedling growth of rape seeds and Orychophragmus violaceus seeds were stronger than that of the North American Begonia.