杭州市土地利用与景观格局变化分析

Analysis of Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes in Hangzhou City

大规模的城市化对土地利用带来了深远的影响,也给景观格局带来了深刻改变。本文利用2010年和2017年土地利用数据分析杭州市的土地利用变化空间特征与景观破碎度、集聚度和异质性。在综合评价和比较后发现:耕地、草地、未利用地面积减少,林地、水域、城乡建设用地面积增加,耕地与林地、城乡建设用地之间的互动作用十分强烈,城市扩张效应显著,土地利用方式较为粗放;土地利用变化和空间分布受到多方面因素的影响,空间性规划对于土地利用变化起决定性作用;景观破碎化程度和异质性增加,景观优势度有所降低,各类用地比例更为平衡,但生态用地优势度较低、破碎化程度较高,存在生态安全风险。

Large-scale urbanization has had a profound impact on land use and has brought profound changes to the landscape pattern.The spatial characteristics of land-use change and the degree of landscape fragmentation,agglomeration,and heterogeneity in Hangzhou are analyzed by using the land use data of 2010 and 2017.After comprehensive evaluation and comparison,it is found that the area of cultivated land,grassland,and unused land decreases,the area of forest land,waters,and urban and rural construction land increases,forest land and urban and rural construction land both have strong interaction with cultivated land,the urban expansion effect is significant,and the land use is more extensive.And the change of the land use and spatial distribution are affected by a variety of factors,and spatial planning plays a decisive role in the change of the land use.And the degree of fragmentation and heterogeneity of the landscape increase,while the degree of landscape advantage decreases,and the proportion of various types of land is becoming more balanced,but the ecological land has a lower degree of advantage and a higher degree of fragmentation,and there are ecological security risks.