不同信息框架对城市家庭节电行为干预效果的纵向实验研究

Longitudinal Experimental Research of the Effects of Different Information Frameworks on Household Energy Saving Behaviors in Urban Areas

为了探索如何通过不同的宣传信息和反馈信息激励城市家庭主动节电,在江苏省徐州市开展了一项为期16周的随机对照现场实验,对比了信息宣传框架(社会规范信息、环境教育信息)和信息反馈框架(成本收益反馈、环境贡献反馈)分别在单独干预和耦合干预情境下的节能效果。8个实验组和1个对照组的用电量数据通过电力供应商的计量系统实时采集,采用重复测量协方差分析对8种信息框架的节电效果进行了纵向分析。结果显示:只有社会规范信息宣传与两种反馈信息耦合使用的干预策略才能持续有效地激励中国城市家庭主动节电;在相同的社会规范信息宣传条件下,加入环境贡献反馈比加入成本收益反馈的节能效果更好;单一的环境教育信息宣传和单一的成本收益反馈对家庭节电没有显著效果,其他4个信息框架只有短期的节能效果。

In order to explore how to encourage China’s urban households to save electricity through pre-use information and feedback,a16-week randomized controlled trial is conducted in Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province.The energy-saving effects of the information promotion frameworks(social normative information&environmental education information)and information feedback frameworks(cost-benefit feedback&environmental contribution feedback)are separately compared in the context of single intervention and coupled intervention respectively.Data of electricity consumption of eight experimental groups and one control group are real-time collected through the measurement system of the power supply company.And the effects of electricity saving on eight information frames are analyzed longitudinally by repeated measurement covariance analysis.The results show that the intervention strategies using social normative information coupled with two kinds of feedback information can continuously and effectively stimulate Chinese urban families to actively save electricity.Under the same social normative information,coupled with the environment contribution feedback is better than cost-benefit feedback.The single environmental education information and the single cost-benefit feedback have no significant effect on household electricity saving.The other four information frameworks only have short-term electricity-saving effects.