1949年-2018年登陆台风的主要特征及灾害成因分析研究

Analysis on Main Characteristics and Causes of Landfall Typhoons in Recent 70 Years

利用中国台风网资料,对1949年-2018年共计70年登陆中国的台风进行统计,分析了其主要特征及灾害成因。结果表明:在西北太平洋地区平均每年生成台风32.8个,在中国登陆的有9个,近70年来登陆中国的台风总量呈略减少趋势;登陆时段趋于集中,高频期出现在7~9月,其中8月份最多;登陆地点趋于集中,首次登陆点集中在广东、海南、台湾地区,其中广东最多,占登陆总数的35.2%;大风、暴雨、风暴潮是台风灾害的主要因子,若遇天文大潮,则潮灾不容忽视。

Based on the data from Typhoon Online of China,the main features and disaster causes of typhoons during the 70 years landed in China from 1949 to 2018 were statistically analyzed.The results showed that 32.8 typhoons generated annually in the Northwest Pacific.There were nine typhoons landed in China.The total number of typhoons landing in China was slightly reduced.The landing period tended to be concentrated,and the high-frequency period occurred in July to September,of which August recorded the most.Landing sites tended to be concentrated,and first-landing places were concentrated in Guangdong,Hainan,and Taiwan.Guangdong province receives the most or 35.2%of the total landings.Gale,rainstorm and storm surge were the main factors of typhoon disasters.The tidal disasters resulted from astronomical tide can not be ignored.