"反建制"政治的强制阐释--对朗西埃美学思想的反思性批判

Mandatory Interpretation of“Anti-establishment”Politics:A reflective criticism of Ranciere's aesthetic thoughts

关于西方文论"强制阐释"问题的学术探讨,当代法国左翼批判思想家雅克·朗西埃是一个切题的实证个案.朗西埃早期从事哲学与政治学研究,后转入艺术与美学研究.朗西埃从"反建制"的政治思维逻辑出发,经由"感性的分配""歧义"和"体制"等中介概念,建立"政治-美学"的闭合性阐释模式.朗西埃提出的艺术体制论,与艺术美学本身并不相合;他依托政治理论对经典小说《红与黑》所作的"强制阐释",非但不能有效证成其政治观,反而暴露出艺术批评的悖谬.由此,我们需细加审辨,批判性接受朗西埃的美学思想.

The contemporary French left-wing critical thinker Jacques Ranciere is a case study in the academic discussion of the"mandatory interpretation"of the western literary theory.Ranciere was engaged in philosophy and political studies earlier and later into art and aesthetics.From the logic of the"anti-establishment"political thinking,Ranciere set up the closed"political-aesthetics"interpretation mode through the"the distribution of the sensible","dissensus"and"regime"and other intermediary concepts.Ranciere's artistic system theory is not in line with artistic aesthetics itself.He used the political theory on the"mandatory interpretation"of the classic novel"Le Rouge et le Noir",which not only failed to effectively prove his political view,but exposed the paradox of his art criticism.Thus,we need to carefully review and critically accept Ranciere's aesthetic thinking.