台山地区2260例妊娠中期唐氏筛查及产前诊断的结果分析

Analysis of Down’s Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis in 2260 Cases of Mid Pregnancy in Taishan Area

目的:探讨本地区孕中期唐氏筛查结果对胎儿染色体异常及不良妊娠结局的影响。方法:对2018年1月-2019年6月2260例来本院做产前检查的孕中期妇女(15~20^+6周)进行唐氏筛查,并对筛查结果高风险孕妇进行羊水细胞染色体核型分析。观察不同年龄段孕妇检查结果以及羊水细胞异常染色体核型分布情况,并跟踪随访妊娠结局。结果:在受检的2260例孕中期妇女中,高风险检出161例(7.12%),且21-三体综合征高风险检出率随着年龄的增加升高(χ^2=34.364,P=0.000)。参与羊水细胞染色体核型分析检查的孕妇共171例,共检出异常染色体核型39例,检出率为22.81%。高风险组孕妇不良妊娠结局的发生率为16.77%,高于低风险组的1.19%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=15.629,P=0.000)。结论:唐氏筛查作为一种无创性的产前诊断方法,对异常染色体核型和不良妊娠结局的预估具有重要的作用。

Objective:To explore the effect of Down’s screening results on fetal chromosomal abnormalities and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Method:From January 2018 to June 2019,2260 pregnant women(15-20+6 week)who came to our hospital for prenatal examination were screened for Down’s disease.Chromosome karyotype analysis was performed in high-risk pregnant women.The results of Down’s screening and karyotype analysis of pregnant women of different ages were observed.The pregnancy outcomes of 2260 pregnant women were followed up.Result:161 high-risk pregnant women(7.12%)were detected in 2260 pregnant women.The high risk detection rate of trisomy 21 syndrome increased with age(χ^2=34.364,P=0.000).A total of 171 pregnant women participated in the karyotype analysis of amniotic fluid cells,and 39 abnormal karyotypes(22.81%)were detected.The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in high-risk group was 16.77%,higher than that in low-risk group(1.19%)(χ^2=15.629,P=0.000).Conclusion:As a noninvasive prenatal diagnosis method,Down’s screening plays an important role in the prediction of abnormal karyotype and adverse pregnancy outcome.