碳纤维构件型面数控加工工艺技术研究

Research on NC Machining Technology of Profile of Carbon Fiber Component Part

碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)具有硬度高、各向异性与层间强度低的特性,是典型的难加工材料之一,数控铣削中构件型面极易出现凹坑、毛刺、边缘纤维分层及撕裂等现象。以A350碳纤维构件型面为研究对象,从加工刀具及切削方式着手,分析刀具材料、结构以及切削方式对碳纤维型面构件加工质量的影响,提出了采用大底角的碳纤维铣刀以及垂直于加工表面的切削方式,开展了碳纤维构件型面切削实验,研究了各切削参数对零件型面加工质量的影响。结果表明:碳纤维构件型面加工中,转速对构件型面加工质量影响最大,其次是切宽、切深以及每齿进给量。

Carbon fiber composite(CFRP) has the characteristics of high hardness, anisotropy and low interlaminar strength. It is one of the typical difficult to machine materials. In the numerical control milling, the component surface is prone to pit, burr, edge fiber delamination and tear. The A350 carbon fiber component surface was taken as the research object. Starting from the machining tool and cutting method, the influence of tool material, structure and cutting method on the machining quality of carbon fiber component was analyzed. The carbon fiber milling tool with large base angle and the cutting method perpendicular to the machining surface were proposed. The cutting experiment of carbon fiber component surface was carried out, and the cutting parameters on parts were studied.The influence of cutting parameters on the machining quality of part surface was studied. The results show that the rotation speed has the greatest influence on the quality of carbon fiber component surface, and the next is the cutting width, cutting depth and the feed per tooth.