代森锰锌替代产品的研究

An investigation on alternative products of mancozeb

作为最优秀的杀菌剂之一,代森锰锌为全球作物保护做出了重要贡献,但是它对人类和环境的安全风险正逐渐引起监管机构的重视。目前,欧盟和其他一些国家的监管机构有意淘汰代森锰锌在农业上的应用。代森锰锌一旦被禁用,它在植物保护中的重要作用需要有其他杀菌剂来替代。代森锰锌具有的优良特性,其他杀菌剂难以比肩或超越,故在现有的杀菌剂中尚未找到代森锰锌的最佳替代药剂。为此,根据代森锰锌的作用特点(保护性和多作用点)和它在作物保护中的重要用途(主要用于防治马铃薯、番茄、葡萄树、黄瓜等作物的重要病害如霜霉病、早疫病和晚疫病、炭疽病等)两个线索展开调查,以期在现有的杀菌剂中找到未来可以代替代森锰锌用于防治上述重要病害的,尽可能接近代森锰锌特性的杀菌剂有效成分或产品。

As one of the best fungicides,mancozeb has made an important contribution to crop protection worldwide.But its safety risks to human and environment has drawn increasing concern.Regulatory authorities in the European Union and some other countries are proposing to ban mancozeb.Once mancozeb is banned,its important role in crop protection needs to be replaced by other fungicides.However,in the existing fungicides it is scarcely possible to find a perfect substitute for mancozeb,because it has excellent characteristics that other fungicides are difficult to match or surpass.Therefore,the author tried to search from the existing fungicides the potential alternative active ingredients or products that could be the substitutes of mancozeb as closely as possible,according to mancozeb’s characteristic mode of action(protectant and multi-site activity)and important uses in crop protection(prevention and control of important diseases such as downy mildew,early and late blight,anthracnose on major crops of potatoes,tomatoes,vines,cucumber,etc.).