低剂量螺旋CT在肺癌筛查时尚需解决的问题探讨

A discussion of unsolved problems in lung cancer screening with low-dose CT

肺癌死亡率在世界范围内居高不下,并且在我国呈逐年增加趋势,严重危害人类生命健康。肺癌发病隐匿,目前尚无系统有效的手段对肺癌进行早期诊断,因此探寻新的诊疗手段是亟待解决的问题。在发现肺部微小病变方面,低剂量螺旋CT(low-dose CT,LDCT)同常规螺旋CT具有相同的效果,照射量却仅为常规CT的1/3,在肺癌筛查中的作用受到越来越多的重视。很多已完成或正在进行的临床试验获得了大量研究数据和分析结果,但不同试验中仍存在许多相似问题,包括如何进一步提高诊断效率、如何降低辐射剂量、如何提高成本效能等。只有真正解决这些问题,LDCT对肺癌的筛查才能取得确实有效的效果。

The mortality of lung cancer is high all over the world,and it is increasing in China by years.Lung cancer puts tremendous threat on our survival and health.Lung cancer is characteristic of insidious onset and currently it is impossible to make a diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer with any effective and systematic methods.Thus,it is urgent to explore some novel ways to deal with this disease.Low-dose CT(LDCT)gets more and more attention because it plays a same role as effective as usual CT in identifying tiny lung lesions and the radiation dose is two thirds lower than the usual.Many accomplished and ongoing clinical trials get numerous data and results but still some similar problems exist in these trials,such as how to further improve the diagnostic efficiency,how to reduce the radiation dose,how to improve the cost-effectiveness et al.Only with these problems settled well can LDCT become the powerful weapon on lung cancer screening.