莱州湾东岸地下水化学特征及水质评价

以莱州湾东岸地区为研究区域,通过统计分析以及Piper三线图分析莱州湾东岸地下水化学特征,并利用ArcGIS9.3地统计模块进行水质评价。结果表明,莱州湾东岸的地下水TDS,Cl-,HCO3-,Ca2+,NO3-质量浓度很高,而Na+,Mg2+,K+质量浓度很低;地下水中Cl-,SO42-,Na+和K+的质量浓度变异系数大;水化学类型以Ca-Cl型、混合Ca·Mg-Cl型为主,局部存在CaHCO3型;地下水中超标的组分有NO3-(超标率83%)、TDS(超标率57%)、Cl-(超标率47%)、Ca2+(超标率53%)、K+(超标率19%)、Na+(超标率6%);研究区72%的地下水可以安全进行灌溉,主要分布在东南部、中部、中南部3个地区,21%的地下水仅适于灌溉强耐盐植物,成带状分布在安全灌区周围,7%地下水不适于用作灌溉用水,分布在南部的卤水区及调查区的东北角。

This paper takes the East Bank of Laizhou Bay as the research area,analyzes the chemical characteristics of the groundwater in the East Coast of Laizhou Bay by statistical analysis and Piper three line map,and evaluates the water quality by using ArcGIS9.3 geostatistical module.The results show that:the mass concentration of TDS,Cl-,HCO3-,Ca2+,NO3-is very high,while the mass concentration of Na+,Mg2+,K+is very low;the variation coefficient of mass concentration of Cl-,SO42-,Na+and K+in groundwater is large;the hydrochemical types are mainly Ca-Cl type,mixed Ca·Mg-Cl type,and locally Ca-HCO3 type;the components exceeding the standard in groundwater are NO3-type(over standard rate is 83%,TDS(over standard rate is 57%),Cl-(over standard rate is 47%),Ca2+(over standard rate is 53%),K+(over standard rate is 19%),Na+(over standard rate is 6%);72%of the groundwater in the study area can be irrigated safely,which is mainly distributed in the southeast,central and south central regions;21%of the groundwater is only suitable for irrigation of strong salt tolerant plants,which are distributed in strips around the safe irrigation area;7%of the groundwater is not suitable for irrigation.It is distributed in the brine area in the south and the northeast corner of the investigation area.