多种沉水植物组合对富营养化水体的净化效果

Purification Effect of Various Submerged Macrophyte Combinations on Eutrophic Water

选取密刺苦草Vallisneriadenseserrulata,金鱼藻Ceratophyllumdemersum,黑藻Hydrillaverticillata和伊乐藻Elodea canadensis 4种沉水植物构建了11种组合,在室内条件下模拟富营养化水体环境,研究不同组合对富营养化水体的净化效果。结果表明,供试的沉水植物在富营养化水体中均能正常生长,不同组合对水体中污染物的去除效果均较明显。以C1(密刺苦草+金鱼藻+黑藻+伊乐藻)组合的植物长势最好,其最终净增生物量为3.89g。不同沉水植物组合对水体中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的净化效果最好的是B4(密刺苦草+黑藻+伊乐藻)和C1,去除率分别为86.14%,83.52%和85.59%,81.26%。各沉水植物组合对铵态氮(NH4+-N)的去除率均在70%以上,其中以C1和B1(密刺苦草+金鱼藻+黑藻)的净化效果最好,去除率分别为97.78%和96.89%。对水体中有机物(CODMn)去除效果最好的组合为C1和B2(密刺苦草+金鱼藻+伊乐藻),去除率分别达89.63%和88.96%。综合分析表明,B4和C1的综合去污能力得分均在9分以上,可作为最优植物组合应用于富营养化水体的净化。

Four common macrophytesincluding Vallisneriadenseserrulata,Ceratophyllumdemersum,Hydrillaverticillata and Elodea canadensisin Zhejiang province were selected for experiment during May 22nd and June 26th,2019.They were treated for eleven combinations for purification test in simulated eutrophic water in lab.The results showed that the submerged plantsgrew normally in eutrophic water,and different combinations had obvious effect on the removal of pollutants in water.The combination of V.denseserrulata+C.demersum+H.verticillata+E.canadensis had the best growth,and the final increase in biomass was 3.89 g.Combinationsof V.denseserrulata+C.demersum+E.Canadensis and V.denseserrulata+C.demersum+H.verticillata+E.Canadensis had the best purification effect on total nitrogen and total phosphorus with removal rate of 86.14%,83.52%and 85.59%,81.26%.The removal rate of NH4+-N by each combination was more than70%.Among them,the combinations of V.denseserrulata+C.demersum+H.verticillata+E.canadensisand V.denseserrulata+C.demersum+H.verticillata had the best purification effect,the removal rates were 97.78%and 96.89%.The best combination of CODMn removal was the combinations of V.denseserrulata+C.demersum+H.verticillata+E.canadensisand V.denseserrulata+C.demersum+E.canadensis,with the removal rate of89.63%and 88.96%.Comprehensive analysis demonstrated that the combinations V.denseserrulata+C.demersum+E.canadensis and V.denseserrulata+C.demersum+H.verticillata+E.canadensis had 9 points of removability,indicating the optimal plant combination for purification of eutrophic water.