气候小说《突变的飞行模式》的代际正义追寻

Pursuit of Intergenerational Justice in the Climate Fiction Flight Behaviour

气候小说作为二十世纪末的新兴小说类别之一,主要对环境危机的形成、环境危机造成的后果进行艺术化表现,促使人们理解气候异变及其影响。美国作家芭芭拉·金索沃尔在《突变的飞行模式》中讲述了女主人公黛拉洛比娅·特勃为逃避空壳婚姻而进行的抗争,以及具有迁徙习性的君王蝶为逃避气候异变导致灭绝命运的挣扎。小说的主题是如何在气候异变时代维护代际正义。君王蝶迫于气候异变而改变基因中的“飞行模式”,使黛拉洛比娅意识到气候异变对非人类物种和人类后代的威胁,促使她决心追寻科学;社会不同阶层逃避气候异变真相,体现出代际正义所面临的挑战;而黛拉洛比娅一家与君王蝶种群生存机率的反差启发人们思考在气候异变时代维护代际正义的途径。

As one of the new novel genres in the late 20th century,Climate Fiction(Cli-Fi)mainly presents the formation of environmental crisis,its consequences and its social impact artistically,thus promoting people's understanding of climate change.American writer Barbara Kingsolver's climate fiction Flight Behaviour narrates the story of Dellarobia Turnbow's flight from her empty marriage,and the struggle of the monarch butterfly to escape extinction caused by climate change.The theme of the novel is to maintain intergenerational justice in the era of climate change.The genetic mutation of the flight behaviour of the monarch butterfly provides Dellarobia with an opportunity to understand the threat of climate change to the descendants of both non-humans and humans,and stimulates her to pursue science.Meanwhile the ideology of denialism to climate change by different social strata threatens intergenerational justice.Moreover,the contrast of mortality rate between the Turnbows'and the monarchs inspires the reader to reflect upon the methods to maintain intergenerational justice in the era of climate change.