碳与陶瓷复合中空纤维膜的制备及其处理含碘废水性能的研究

Fabrication and Iodine Wastewater Treatment Performance of Carbon-ceramic Hollow Fiber Membranes

通过相转化结合真空烧结制备了碳与陶瓷复合中空纤维膜。对比研究了碳与陶瓷复合纤维膜与大气烧结中空纤维陶瓷膜的孔隙率、孔径分布、弯曲强度、渗透性能和碘吸附性能。通过调节烧结温度和真空压力,获得了孔隙率范围在35%-55%的中空纤维膜。结果表明:真空烧结样品由于含有0.20wt.%-0.78wt.%的无定型碳而呈黑色。碳对陶瓷膜的微观结构与性能产生了显著影响。随着烧结气压降低,碳对烧结的抑制作用增强,纤维膜中小孔孔径减小,所占比例增加。这导致纤维膜的渗透率有所降低,但碘吸附量增大从0.60 mg/g增加到1.46 mg/g。该工艺为力学性能稳定且吸附性能优异的碳与陶瓷复合纤维膜的制备提供了新的路径。

Carbon-ceramic hollow fiber membranes(HFM)was fabricated by using the phase inversion method combined with vacuum sintering.Porosity,pore size distribution,bending strength,penneability and iodine adsorption capability of the carbon-ceramic fiber membranes were studied in comparison with those of the ceramic hollow fiber membrane sintered in air.Fiber membranes with porosity of 35-55%could be fabricated by controlling the sintering temperature and vacuum pressure.The color of hollow fiber membranes sintered in vacuum was black,due to the infiltration of 0.20-0.78wt.%amorphous carbon.The presence of the carbon had a great effect on microstructure and properties of the ceramic membranes.The inhibition effect of the carbon on sintering was significantly increased with decreasing sintering pressure.The size of the small pores in fiber membranes was decreased and the fraction of the small pores was increased,leading to a decrease in their permeability.However,the iodine adsorption of the fiber membranes was increased from 0.60 mg/g to 1.46 mg/g,owing to the increased specific surface area.This method provides a new way to fabricate the carbon-ceramic fiber membranes with promising mechanical stability and excellent adsorption capability.