水力耦合裂隙岩体变形破坏机制研究进展

Research progress of deformation and failure mechanism in fractured rock mass under hydromechanical coupling

为深入了解水力耦合作用下裂隙岩体变形破坏机制,正确评价岩体工程的安全性和稳定性,通过收集整理国内外文献,系统综述了水力耦合完整岩体和裂隙岩体变形破坏方面研究的进展与成果.简述了水力耦合下完整岩体和裂隙岩体的力学特性,侧重总结了水力耦合单一裂隙岩体渗流公式,包括流量与隙宽指数n之间关系、渗透(导水)系数与正应力之间关系以及渗透特性与剪应力之间关系的数学公式.重点分析了水力耦合裂隙岩体变形破坏机制的最新研究进展,介绍了声发射(AE)、超声波(UT)、偏光显微镜(PM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及计算机断层摄影(CT)等先进的辅助试验技术在变形破坏分析中的应用.归纳了数学耦合模型、数值分析方法的优缺点及适用条件.最后,指出了当前水力耦合裂隙岩体研究中存在的一些问题,提出了一些指导性意见,并从几方面展望了未来的发展趋势,即机理研究从宏细观转向微观、数值模拟从粗糙转向精细、工程应用从水力耦合转向多场耦合.

To understand the deformation and failure mechanism of fractured rock masses under hydromechanical coupling and correctly evaluate the safety and stability of rock mass engineering,the research progress and results of the studies of deformation and failure of intact and fractured rock masses under hydromechanical coupling were systematically reviewed by collecting and collating literatures at home and abroad.The mechanical characteristics of intact and fractured rock masses under hydromechanical coupling were briefly described.The seepage laws of single fractured rock masses under hydromechanical coupling were summarized,including the mathematical formulas of the relations between flow and gap width index n,permeability(water conductivity)coefficient and normal stress,and permeability characteristics and shear stress.The latest research progress of deformation and failure mechanism under hydromechanical coupling was mainly analyzed,and the applications of advanced auxiliary test technologies such as acoustic emission(AE),ultrasonic testing(UT),polarizing microscope(PM),scanning electron microscope(SEM),and computed tomography(CT)scanning system in deformation and failure analysis were introduced.The advantages and disadvantages of the coupled seepage-stress model of fractured rock mass,the numerical analysis method,and the applicable conditions were summarized.Finally,limitations in the current studies of fractured rock masses under hydromechanical coupling were pointed out,and suggestions were put forward.The future development trend was discussed from several aspects,that is,the mechanism research changes from macro and meso to micro,the numerical simulation changes from rough to fine,and the engineering application changes from hydromechanical coupling to multi-field coupling.