基于无人机的昆明海口林场宽地坝林区植物群落建群种格局研究

Research on population pattern of dominate tree species in plant communities based on UAV at the Kuandiba section of Haikou Forest Farm in Kunming

建群种是植物群落优势层中的主要物种,对群落环境有显著控制作用。空间格局是植物种群的基本特征之一,探讨建群种的空间格局是理解生物与生境之间关系和认识群落生态过程的有效途径。空间格局特征包括种群空间关联性及其空间分布型。利用无人机技术,获取昆明海口林场半湿润常绿阔叶林和落叶栎类林的多光谱遥感影像,采用ArcGIS Pro软件进行遥感影像分类并提取滇青冈(Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides)、光叶石栎(Lithocarpus mairei)、滇石栎(L.dealbatus)、栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis)、槲栎(Q.aliena)植株树冠中心点空间坐标。在Programita Febrero 2014软件中进点格局分析。结果表明:各物种10m以下呈均匀分布或随机,随尺度增加,渐渐表现为聚集分布。光叶石栎种群和滇石栎种群空间关联性表现为负相关。

Constructive species are the dominant species of plant communities and have a significant influence on the community environment.Spatial pattern is one of the basic features of plant populations.Exploring the spatial pattern of constructive species is an effective way to understand the relationship between organisms and habitats and the ecological processes of communities.The characteristics of spatial pattern include spatial correlation and spatial distribution of populations.In this study,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)technology was used to obtain the multi-spectral remote sensing images of the semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved forest and deciduous oak forest in Kunming Haikou forest farm.ArcGIS Pro software was used to interpret the remote sensing images and to derive the center coordinates of forest trees’crown of Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides,Lithocarpus mairei,L.dealbatus,Quercus variabilis and Q.aliena species.Spatial pattern analysis was conducted by Programita Febrero 2014 software.The results showed that the tree species were uniformly distributed at small scales(<10 m),and gradually showed aggregation distribution with the increasing of spatial scales.Among tree species,L.mairei population and L.dealbatus population had a negative spatial correlation.