枯水期西江流域骨干水库群压咸补淡调度研究

Study on the Dispatching of Key Reservoirs in the Xijiang River Basin for Saltwater Resistance and Freshwater Supplement

珠江三角洲的咸潮上溯给周边地区造成了巨大的经济损失和社会影响,消减咸潮上溯带来的不利影响已迫在眉睫。以西江流域8座骨干水库为研究对象,分别设置单库、两库以及八库联合调度的枯水期实时模拟方案,针对来水频率为95%和99%的枯水情况,以满足西江流域下游梧州断面的压咸补淡需求为目标,建立并求解西江流域骨干水库群实时模拟调度模型。结果表明:①单库调度情况下,95%来水情景中,天一、光照、龙滩、岩滩水库均能够满足梧州断面的压咸需求,99%来水情景中,仅天一和龙滩水库能够满足压咸需求;②不同来水的两库联调和七库联调均可满足压咸补淡目标,且龙滩水位下降最为平缓;③压咸补淡调度过程中,各水库的优先次序为龙滩、天一、岩滩、光照、西津、百色。研究结果对于消减珠江三角洲所受咸潮影响具有重要理论意义,也为后续西江流域骨干水库群实时优化调度提供了重要参考。

The saltwater intrusion in the Pearl River Delta has caused huge economic losses and social impacts to the surrounding areas. It is extremely urgent to reduce the adverse effects of the saltwater intrusion. Taking the eight key reservoirs in the Xijiang River Basin as the research object, this paper formulates the real-time dispatching simulation schemes of single reservoir, two reservoirs and eight reservoirs in dry season respectively, and aiming at the low-water conditions of 95% and 99% incoming water frequency, establishes and applies the real-time dispatching simulation model of key reservoirs in the Xijiang River Basin to meet the saltwater resistance and freshwater supplement demand of Wuzhou section at the downstream of Xijiang River Basin. The results show that: ① In the case of single-reservoir dispatching, and in the 95% incoming water scenario, Tianyi, Guangzhao, Longtan and Yantan reservoirs can meet the saltwater resistance demand of the Wuzhou section. In the 99% incoming water scenario, only Tianyi and Longtan reservoirs can meet the saltwater resistance demand;② The joint dispatching of two reservoirs and seven reservoirs under different incoming water can meet the target of saltwater resistance and freshwater supplement, and the water level of Longtan drops at the most flat trend;③ In the process of saltwater resistance and freshwater supplement, the priority of all reservoirs is: Longtan, Tianyi, Yantan, Guangzhao, Xijin, Baise. The research results have important theoretical significance for reducing the impact of salt tides in the Pearl River Delta, and provide an important reference for the subsequent real-time optimal dispatching of the key reservoirs in the Xijiang River Basin.