水污染治理技术综合评估方法研究

Comprehensive evaluation of water pollution control technologies

水污染治理技术评估方法可用于指导筛选科学合理的水污染治理技术.本研究以我国现有水污染治理技术为评估对象,对评估原则、评估框架、评估模型及评估结果进行系统研究,并开展案例验证.采用层次分析法构建了基于"目标层-准则层-要素层-指标层"的水污染治理技术综合评估指标体系,其中,指标体系的准则层包括环境、经济、技术3个维度,涵盖了环境效益、二次污染、技术成本、技术效益、技术可靠性、技术适用性6个要素.指标层指标提出,根据各技术类型特征利用数理统计分析法进行筛选,采用排序赋值和分级赋值法对指标赋值,并通过加权法计算得到评估结果,评估结果通过雷达图和三维坐标实现.在构建评估方法的基础上,以典型城镇污水处理技术为例验证了评估方法的可适性.本研究提出的水污染治理技术综合评估方法,为评估和筛选适宜的水污染治理技术提供了方法学上的参考.

Comprehensive evaluation can guide selection of water pollution control technology.Existing water pollution control technologies were evaluated,evaluation principles,system framework,evaluation model and results were studied,with case verifications.Analytic hierarchy was used to build a comprehensive evaluation index by"target layer-criteria layer-element layer-indicator layer".Criteria included three dimensions of environment,economy and technology,and covered 6 elements of environmental benefits,secondary pollution,technical costs,technical benefits,technical reliability,and technical applicability.Indicators of indicator layer were proposed to be screened by statistical analysis with characteristics of each technology.Ranking assignment and hierarchical assignment were used depending on qualitative or quantitative indicators,evaluation results were obtained by weighted calculation.Evaluations were expressed in radar charts and three-dimensional coordinates.Applicability of the evaluation was verified by typical urban sewage treatment technologies.The comprehensive evaluation in this study could provide some reference for evaluating and screening suitable technologies for water pollution treatment.