制度背景对创业者跨国网络形成的影响研究

The influence of institution on the formation of entrepreneurs’transnational networks

已有研究强调创业者个体的网络行为嵌入在制度背景中,然而缺乏研究制度背景如何影响创业者个体层面跨国网络的形成。因此,研究目的探讨制度环境的不同方面以及制度环境与个体机会创业动机的交互如何影响创业者跨国网络的形成。利用全球创业观察35个国家大量的早期阶段创业者的样本数据进行实证研究。研究发现,个体层面的机会创业对创业者跨国网络的形成具有正向促进作用。在国家层面,管制的有效性促进了创业者跨国网络的形成,然而创业的社会价值对创业者跨国网络的形成具有抑制作用。同时,管制有效性跨层次正向调节机会创业和创业者跨国网络之间的关系;创业的社会价值跨层次负向调节机会创业和创业者跨国网络之间的关系。正式制度和非正式制度不仅对创业者跨国网络的形成直接产生影响,还通过与个体创业动机的交互影响创业者跨国网络形成。通过制度背景解释创业者跨国网络活动的差异,为国际创业研究做出贡献。

Previous studies have acknowledged that the individual network behavior of entrepreneurs is embedded in the institutional context.However,there is still little known about how the institution factors affect the formation of transnational networks of entrepreneurs.Therefore,the aim of the study is to examine the how the different institutional environment and their interactions with opportunity entrepreneurship affect the formation of entrepreneurial transnational networks.The empirical analysis was performed using data from a large number of early stage entrepreneurs in 35 countries from GEM.The study found that at the national level,the effectiveness of government promotes the formation of entrepreneurial transnational networks,while the social value of entrepreneurship has a negative effect.The effectiveness of government positively regulates the relationship between opportunity entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial transnational networks;Whereas the social value of entrepreneurship negatively regulates the relationship between opportunity entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial transnational networks.Formal institutions and informal institutions not only directly affect the formation of entrepreneurial transnational networks,but also influence the formation of entrepreneurial transnational networks through interaction with individual entrepreneurial motives.The perspective of institutional context is an efficient way to explain differences in entrepreneurial transnational network,thus making a contribution to international entrepreneurship research.