标准和标准化概念的多学科观点(之五)--Brunsson和Busch的社会学观点

Multi-disciplinary Perspectives on the Concepts of Standards and Standardization(5) -- The Sociological View of Brunsson and Busch

本文首先分别介绍Brunsson N和Busch L关于标准化的主要社会学观点,包括标准是某个人或机构为其他人或其他机构给出的建议或处方,标准是支撑社会运行的规则之一,标准与人的行为准则、法律之间的关系,标准的分类和主要特征等等。笔者对他们的观点进行了深入讨论,认为标准是规则以及标准是现实世界的处方的观点对认识标准的本质有重要意义,并提出创新和标准在人类社会发展过程中是一对不可分割的核心要素。

This paper respectively introduces the major sociological perspectives of Brunsson N and Busch L on standardization, including that a standard is an advice or recipe given by an individual or an organization for other individuals or other organizations, the standard is one of the rules to support the operation of an entire society, the relationship between standards and the norms of human behavior and laws, as well as the classification and main features of standard and so on. The authors make an in-depth discussion on their viewpoints, hold that the viewpoint that standard is the rule and the recipe of reality is important to understand the essence of the standard, and point out that innovation and standard are a pair of inseparable core elements in the development of human society.