缺氧诱导的细胞外囊泡在肿瘤进展中的作用

Role of hypoxia-induced extracellular vesicles in tumor development

缺氧是大多数恶性肿瘤微环境的重要特征,并且与患者预后不良密切相关。细胞外囊泡是细胞分泌的脂质双层膜的细胞外结构,其携带的蛋白、脂质、RNA等生物活性物质可被靶细胞摄取,介导细胞间信息传递功能。研究发现缺氧可促进细胞外囊泡的形成与释放,改变细胞外囊泡的含量及组成。此外,缺氧微环境诱导的肿瘤细胞起源的细胞外囊泡参与一系列肿瘤进展的病理过程,包括肿瘤血管形成、细胞外基质重塑、免疫功能调控、肿瘤侵袭及转移等。本文就缺氧诱导的细胞外囊泡与肿瘤细胞及微环境多种基质细胞之间信号传递及调控机制作一综述。

Hypoxia is an important characteristic of many malignant tumors and is closely related to poor prognosis of patients.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are extracellular structures of lipid bilayer membrane secreted by cells,and the proteins,lipids,RNA and other biological active substances carried by them can be absorbed by target cells to mediate the communication between cells.Recent studies have found that hypoxia can promote the formation and release of extracellular vesicles and change the content and composition of extracellular vesicles.Inaddition,hypoxia-induced extracellular vesicleis involved in a series of pathological processes of tumor progression,including tumor angiogenesis,extracellular matrix remodeling,regulation of immune response,andtumor invasion and metastasis.In this paper,the signaling and regulatory mechanisms between hypoxia-induced extracellular vesicles and tumor cells and microenvironment stromal cells are reviewed.