试述国学“心”文化对抑郁症自我调节的重要启示

Discussion on significant revelations of‘heart culture’from studies of Chinese ancient civilization on self-regulation of depression

目前抑郁症已成为严重影响患者生活,甚至危害患者生命的常见精神障碍疾病。对抑郁症病因和病机的探索不应仅局限为生物学、生理学层面,消极症状是深层精神和心灵问题的反馈,因此防治抑郁症须以人为本,以“心”为本。国学文化的本质是“心”文化,儒家、道家、佛家均蕴含着“心”的思想,对抑郁症自我调节有重要启示作用。儒家正心,对于如何看待困境、克服悲观心理给出重要答案;道家清心,提倡不去过度追求外在的事物而保持内心平静,强调“复归于朴”;佛家明心,认为痛苦的根源是贪、嗔、痴,自身体悟,正视世间苦乐,就能正确面对逆境和困苦。

Depression has been known as a common mental disorder which seriously affects patients’daily life nowadays,even may endanger their lives.The exploration of the etiology and pathogenesis of depression should not be confined to the level of biology and physiology.In fact,negative symptoms are reflection of deep inside mental and spiritual problems.Therefore,patients and their inner heart activities should be considered as top priority in order to prevent and treat depression.The essence of studies of Chinese ancient civilization is‘heart culture’.Confucianism,Taoism,and Buddhism all contain‘heart’ideas,which have important implications for self-regulation of depression.Confucianism recommends to cultivate and rectify one’s heart.Confucianism provides solutions to how to perceive difficulties in life and how to get over pessimistic thoughts.Taoism recommends to cleanse one’s heart and not to excessively chase external things in order to keep one’s inner peace.Moreover,Taoism underlines the need for‘reverting to plain’.Buddhism recommends to truly understand and find the heart of oneself.Buddhism believes that the root causes for suffering and pain is greed,hatred and delusion.Enlightened people would face hardship and happiness in the right way and survive through difficult times.