6种药剂对海南设施甜瓜蓟马的防治效果

Effect of six kinds of insecticides on the prevention of melon thrips in Hainan facilities

目前设施甜瓜上蓟马防治主要采用化学防治为主,但在农药使用过程中出现的不科学用药现象增多,因此造成其耐药性增强,防治效果差,严重时引发食品和环境安全问题。为有助于设施甜瓜上蓟马防治的合理用药,通过比较6种药剂对海南设施甜瓜蓟马的室内毒力以及田间试验,筛选出对海南设施甜瓜蓟马防效较好的药剂。研究结果表明,设施甜瓜蓟马对60 g·L^-1乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂最敏感,24 h的LC50值为1.324 mg·L^-1,其他药剂敏感次序由高到低依次为:15%高效氯氟氰菊酯悬浮剂(1.871 mg·L^-1),48%噻虫胺悬浮剂(2.345 mg·L^-1),19%溴氰虫酰胺悬浮剂(3.409 mg·L^-1),30%吡虫啉水分散粒剂(3.554 mg·L^-1),20%啶虫脒微乳剂(5.738 mg·L^-1);田间试验结果表明,在田间推荐剂量下,60 g·L^-1乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂防治设施甜瓜蓟马均可表现出较强的速效性和持效性,其在处理后1 d和7 d的防治效果分别为86.82%和79.18%;其次为19%溴氰虫酰胺药悬浮剂,其在处理后1 d和7 d的防治效果分别为78.46%和72.95%。综合考虑,60 g·L^-1乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂和19%溴氰虫酰胺药悬浮剂可以作为海南设施甜瓜上防治蓟马的优先推荐药剂。

Thrips are one of the important pests controlling in the facility melon because of their small individuals and hidden activities.Frequent and widespread insecticide often results in increasing insect resistance and even raises food safety issues.In this experiment,the toxicity and control efficacy of six kinds of insecticides were evaluated in the laboratory and field.The toxicity results in the laboratory showed that the pest sensitivity of each insecticide according to the LC50 value was in decreasing order:60 g·L^-1 Ethyldoactin SC(1.324 mg·L^-1),15%Lambda-cyhalothrin SC(1.871 mg·L^-1),48%Clothianidin SC(2.345 mg·L^-1),19%Cyantraniliprole SC(3.409 mg·L^-1),30%ImidaclopridWG(3.554 mg·L^-1),20%Acetamiprid ME(5.738 mg·L^-1).In the field trials,after the treatment for 1 day and 7 days,the efficacy of 60 g·L^-1 Ethyldoactin SC against thrips were 86.82%and 79.18%;and the control efficacy of 19%Bromocyanamide SC were 78.46%and 72.95%respectively.60 g·L^-1 Ethyldoactin SC and 19%Bromocyanamide SC were the priority recommended agents for the prevention and treatment of thrips in the facility melon through a comprehensive consideration.